タイ科
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| Sparidae | ||||||||||||||||||
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| 海鯽 鯛 |
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| Sea bream |
全世界の熱帯から温帯に分布する。主に肉食性で、底生の貝類や甲殻類を食べる。雌雄同体の種と、性転換を行う種が存在する[1]。
名称（和名・方言名）に「タイ」と付く魚もタイ科に含まれない種が多数ある[2]。
分類[編集]
36属におよそ125種が属する[1]。
- Acanthopagrus 属
- Acanthopagrus akazakii Iwatsuki, Kimura & Yoshino, 2006[3]
- Acanthopagrus australis (Gunther, 1859) , yellowfin bream
- Acanthopagrus berda (Forsskål, 1775), picnic seabream
- Acanthopagrus bifasciatus (Forsskål, 1775), twobar seabream
- Acanthopagrus butcheri (Munro, 1949), southern black bream
- キチヌ Acanthopagrus latus (Houttuyn, 1782), yellowfin seabream
- Acanthopagrus palmaris (Whitley, 1935), northwest black bream
- Acanthopagrus schlegelii czerskii (Berg, 1914)
- クロダイ Acanthopagrus schlegelii schlegelii (Bleeker, 1854), black porgy
- ミナミクロダイ Acanthopagrus sivicolus (Akazaki, 1962), Okinawa seabream
- Acanthopagrus taiwanensis (Iwatsuki & Carpenter, 2006)
- Allotaius 属
- Allotaius spariformis (Ogilby, 1910)
- Archosargus 属
- Archosargus pourtalesii (Steindachner, 1881), blackspot porgy
- Archosargus probatocephalus (Walbaum, 1792), sheepshead seabream
- Archosargus rhomboidalis (Linnaeus, 1758), western Atlantic seabream
- Argyrops 属
- タイワンダイ Argyrops bleekeri (Oshima, 1927), Taiwan tai
- Argyrops filamentosus (Valenciennes, 1830), soldierbream
- Argyrops megalommatus (Klunzinger, 1870)
- Argyrops spinifer (Forsskål, 1775), king soldierbream
- Argyrozona 属
- Argyrozona argyrozona (Valenciennes, 1830), carpenter seabream
- Boops 属
- Boops boops (Linnaeus, 1758), bogue
- Boops lineatus (Boulenger, 1892), striped boga
- Boopsoidea 属
- Boopsoidea inornata (Castelnau, 1861), fransmadam
- Calamus 属
- Calamus arctifrons (Goode & Bean, 1882), grass porgy
- Calamus bajonado (Bloch & Schneider, 1801), jolthead porgy
- Calamus brachysomus (Lockington, 1880), Pacific porgy
- Calamus calamus (Valenciennes, 1830), saucereye porgy
- Calamus campechanus (Randall & Caldwell, 1966), Campeche porgy
- Calamus cervigoni (Randall & Caldwell, 1966), spotfin porgy
- Calamus leucosteus (Jordan & Gilbert, 1885), whitebone porgy
- Calamus mu (Randall & Caldwell, 1966), flathead porgy
- Calamus nodosus (Randall & Caldwell, 1966), knobbed porgy
- Calamus penna (Valenciennes, 1830), sheepshead porgy
- Calamus pennatula (Guichenot, 1868), Pluma porgy
- Calamus proridens (Jordan & Gilbert, 1884), littlehead porgy
- Calamus taurinus (Jenyns, 1840), Galapagos porgy
- Cheimerius 属
- Cheimerius matsubarai (Akazaki, 1962), hoshierenko
- Cheimerius nufar (Valenciennes, 1830), Santer seabream
- Chrysoblephus 属
- Chrysoblephus anglicus (Gilchrist & Thompson, 1908), Englishman seabream
- Chrysoblephus cristiceps (Valenciennes, 1830), daggerhead seabream
- Chrysoblephus gibbiceps (Valenciennes, 1830), red stumpnose seabream
- Chrysoblephus laticeps (Valenciennes, 1830), Roman seabream
- Chrysoblephus lophus (Fowler, 1925)
- Chrysoblephus puniceus (Gilchrist & Thompson, 1908)
- マダイ属 Chrysophrys[4]
- Crenidens 属
- Crenidens crenidens (Forsskål, 1775), Karenteen seabream
- Cymatoceps 属
- Cymatoceps nasutus (Castelnau, 1861), Poenskop seabream
- キダイ属 Dentex
- Dentex angolensis (Poll & Maul, 1953), Angola dentex
- Dentex barnardi (Cadenat, 1970), Barnard's dentex
- Dentex canariensis (Steindachner, 1881), Canary dentex
- Dentex congoensis (Poll, 1954), Congo dentex
- Dentex dentex (Linnaeus, 1758), common dentex
- Dentex fourmanoiri (Akazaki & Séret, 1999)
- Dentex gibbosus (Rafinesque, 1810), pink dentex
- Dentex macrophthalmus (Bloch, 1791), large-eye dentex
- Dentex maroccanus (Valenciennes, 1830), Morocco dentex
- キダイ Dentex tumifrons (Temminck & Schlegel, 1843), yellowback seabream
- Diplodus 属
- Diplodus annularis (Linnaeus, 1758), annular seabream
- Diplodus argenteus argenteus (Valenciennes, 1830), South American silver porgy
- Diplodus argenteus caudimacula (Poey, 1860), silver porgy
- Diplodus bellottii (Steindachner, 1882), Senegal seabream
- Diplodus bermudensis (Caldwell, 1965), Bermuda porgy
- Diplodus capensis (Smith, 1844), Cape white seabream
- Diplodus cervinus cervinus (Lowe, 1838), zebra seabream
- Diplodus cervinus hottentotus (Smith, 1844), zebra
- Diplodus cervinus omanensis (Bauchot & Bianchi, 1984), Oman porgy
- Diplodus fasciatus (Valenciennes, 1830), banded seabream
- Diplodus holbrookii (Bean, 1878), spottail pinfish
- Diplodus noct (Valenciennes, 1830), Red Sea seabream
- Diplodus prayensis (Cadenat, 1964), two-banded seabream
- Diplodus puntazzo (Cetti, 1777), sharpsnout seabream
- Diplodus sargus ascensionis (Valenciennes, 1830)
- Diplodus sargus cadenati (de la Paz, Bauchot & Daget, 1974), Moroccan white seabream
- Diplodus sargus helenae (Sauvage, 1879), St. Helena white seabream
- Diplodus sargus kotschyi (Steindachner, 1876), one-spot seabream
- Diplodus sargus lineatus (Valenciennes, 1830)
- Diplodus sargus sargus (Linnaeus, 1758), white seabream
- Diplodus vulgaris (Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1817), common two-banded seabream
- Evynnis 属
- Evynnis cardinalis (Lacepède, 1802), threadfin porgy
- チダイ Evynnis japonica (Tanaka, 1931), crimson seabream
- Gymnocrotaphus 属
- Gymnocrotaphus curvidens (Günther, 1859), janbruin
- Lagodon 属
- Lagodon rhomboides (Linnaeus, 1766), pinfish
- Lithognathus 属
- Lithognathus aureti (Smith, 1962), west coast seabream
- Lithognathus lithognathus (Cuvier, 1829) , white steenbras
- Lithognathus mormyrus (Linnaeus, 1758), striped seabream
- Lithognathus olivieri (Penrith & Penrith, 1969), steenbras
- Oblada 属
- Oblada melanura (Linnaeus, 1758), saddled seabream
- Pachymetopon 属
- Pachymetopon aeneum (Gilchrist & Thompson, 1908), blue hottentot
- Pachymetopon blochii (Valenciennes, 1830), Hottentot seabream
- Pachymetopon grande (Günther, 1859), bronze seabream
- Pagellus 属
- Pagellus acarne (Risso, 1827), axillary seabream
- Pagellus affinis (Boulenger, 1888), Arabian pandora
- Pagellus bellottii (Steindachner, 1882), red pandora
- Pagellus bogaraveo (Brünnich, 1768), blackspot seabream
- Pagellus erythrinus (Linnaeus, 1758), common pandora
- Pagellus natalensis (Steindachner, 1903), Natal pandora
- Pagrus
- Pagrus africanus (Akazaki, 1962), southern common seabream
- Pagrus auriga (Valenciennes, 1843), redbanded seabream
- Pagrus caeruleostictus (Valenciennes, 1830), bluespotted seabream
- Pagrus pagrus (Linnaeus, 1758), common seabream
- Parargyrops 属
- Parargyrops edita (Tanaka, 1916)
- Petrus 属
- Petrus rupestris (Valenciennes, 1830), red steenbras
- Polyamblyodon 属
- Polyamblyodon germanum (Barnard, 1934), German seabream
- Polyamblyodon gibbosum (Pellegrin, 1914), knife-back seabream
- Polysteganus 属
- Polysteganus baissaci (Smith, 1978), Frenchman seabream
- Polysteganus coeruleopunctatus (Klunzinger, 1870), blueskin seabream
- Polysteganus mascarenensis Iwatsuki & Heemstra, 2011[5]
- Polysteganus praeorbitalis (Günther, 1859), Scotsman seabream
- Polysteganus undulosus (Regan, 1908), seventy-four seabream
- Porcostoma 属
- Porcostoma dentata (Gilchrist & Thompson, 1908), Dane seabream
- Ptreogymnus 属
- Pterogymnus laniarius (Valenciennes, 1830), Panga seabream
- Rhabdosargus 属
- Rhabdosargus globiceps (Valenciennes, 1830), white stumpnose
- Rhabdosargus haffara (Forsskål, 1775), Haffara seabream
- Rhabdosargus holubi (Steindachner, 1881), Cape stumpnose
- ヘダイ Rhabdosargus sarba (Forsskål, 1775), tarwhine
- Rhabdosargus thorpei (Smith, 1979), bigeye stumpnose
- Sarpa 属
- Sarpa salpa (Linnaeus, 1758), salema
- Sparidentex 属
- Sparidentex hasta (Valenciennes, 1830), Sobaity seabream
- Sparodon 属
- Sparodon durbanensis (Castelnau, 1861), musselcracker seabream
- Sparus 属
- ヨーロッパヘダイ Sparus aurata (Linnaeus, 1758), gilt-head seabream
- Spondyliosoma 属
- Spondyliosoma cantharus (Linnaeus, 1758), black seabream
- Spondyliosoma emarginatum (Valenciennes, 1830), Steentje seabream
- Stenotomus 属
- Stenotomus caprinus (Jordan & Gilbert, 1882), longspine porgy
- Stenotomus chrysops (Linnaeus, 1766), scup
- Virididentex 属
- Virididentex acromegalus (Osório, 1911), bulldog dentex
系統[編集]
分子系統解析では、大きく2つのクレードに分かれることが示されている。また、ケントラカントゥス科のSpicara属は、系統的には本科に含まれる[6][4]。
脚注[編集]
- ^ a b Froese, Rainer, and Daniel Pauly, eds. (2006). "Sparidae" in FishBase. April 2006 version.
- ^ 海の豆知識 Vol.47タイ公益財団法人海洋生物環境研究所
- ^ Iwatsuki, Kimura & Yoshino (2006). “A new sparid, Acanthopagrus akazakii, from New Caledonia with notes on nominal species of Acanthopagrus”. Ichthyological Research 53 (4): 406–414. doi:10.1007/s10228-006-0365-z.
- ^ a b Chiba, Satoru N and Iwatsuki, Yukio and Yoshino, Tetsuo and Hanzawa, Naoto (2009). “Comprehensive phylogeny of the family Sparidae (Perciformes: Teleostei) inferred from mitochondrial gene analyses”. Genes & genetic systems 84 (2): 153-170. doi:10.1266/ggs.84.153.
- ^ Iwatsuki, Y. & Heemstra, P.C. (2011). "Polysteganus mascarenensis, a new sparid fish species from Mascarene Islands, Indian Ocean." Zootaxa 3018: 13-20.
- ^ Orrell, Thomas M and Carpenter, Kent E (2004). “A phylogeny of the fish family Sparidae (porgies) inferred from mitochondrial sequence data”. Molecular phylogenetics and evolution 32 (2): 425-434. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2004.01.012.
